Shimon Markish (1931–2003) lived a rich but tormented life, or, as he put it, even three lives in four countries. In this talk, in honor of Markish’s 90th anniversary in March 2021, I introduce my research in his Hungarian archive and the ways how it can be handled. My talk aims to embrace the unity of motivations and patterns which makes for the coherence of Markish’s different fields of research and translations from the antiquity through the age of Reformation to the 20th-century, more generally to Russian-Jewish Studies, a now flourishing subdiscipline of the transcultural studies, that he founded and launched in the 1970s. Finally, I present Markish’s concept of the double cultural affiliation deducted from the phenomenon of the Russian-Jewish Literature – an idea that is not only meaningful, but mutatis mutandis, highly topical in the light of current transcultural events.